Classes
DEA Class; Rx
Common Brand Names; Bystolic
- Beta-Blockers, Beta-1 Selective
Description
Oral selective beta-1 blocker with vasodilatory properties due to nitric oxide modulation; possesses antioxidant properties; lipophilic; lacks ISA; decreases vascular peripheral resistance; improves left ventricular performance; not associated with an acute decrease in cardiac output; indicated for HTN; off-label data available for heart failure.
Indications
Indicated for the treatment of hypertension either alone or in combination with other agents.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity
Severe hepatic impairment
Cardiogenic shock
Sick sinus syndrome (if no pacemaker)
2°/3° heart block (if no pacemaker)
Bradycardia (HR <50 beats/min)
Decompensated heart failure
Severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class C)
Adverse Effects
- Headache (6-9%)
- Fatigue (2-5%)
- Dizziness (2-4%)
- Diarrhea (2-3%)
- Nausea (1-3%)
- Increased triglyceride levels and insulin resistance, decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels (1%)
- Insomnia (1%)
- Peripheral edema (1%)
- Weakness (1%)
- Bradycardia
- Chest pain
- Dyspnea
Warnings
Anesthetics that cause myocardial depression, bradycardia, 1° heart block, ischemic heart disease, Prinzmetal angina, untreated congestive heart failure (CHF)
Patients with bronchospastic disease should not receive beta-blockers; patients with bronchospastic disease who do not respond to other therapies, initial low doses may be employed and used cautiously; monitor closely; patient should have immediate access to beta2-agonist
May mask hyperthyroidism, including tachycardia; abrupt withdrawal may exacerbate symptoms of hyperthyroidism or precipitate thyroid storm; if thyrotoxicosis suspected, carefully manage and treat
Severe renal impairment decreases clearance; adjust dose in severe renal failure
Moderate hepatic impairment decreases metabolism ; adjust dose in moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh class B); contraindicated in severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh class C)
May potentiate hypoglycemia in patients with hypoglycemia and/or mask signs and symptoms
Sudden discontinuance can exacerbate angina and lead to MI; to discontinue therapy, taper gradually over 1-2 weeks to avoid acute tachycardia, ischemia, and/or hypertension; temporary but prompt resumption of beta-blocker therapy may be necessary if angina symptoms or acute coronary insufficiency symptoms worsen
Pregnancy and Lactation
Pregnancy category: C
Lactation: Not known whether drug is excreted into breast milk; use not recommended
Maximum Dosage
40 mg/day PO.
40 mg/day PO.
Safety and efficacy have not been established.
Safety and efficacy have not been established.
How supplied
Nebivolol
tablet
- 2.5mg
- 5mg
- 10mg
- 20mg