Test 5: Prometric Exam for Pharmacist
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Folic Acid
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx, OTC Common Brand Names; Folvite Vitamins, Water-Soluble Description Oral/parenteral, water-soluble B-vitamin; found in foods including leafy green vegetables and fortified grains; regulates homocysteine. Used for megaloblastic and macrocytic anemias, use may mask vitamin B-12 deficiency.
Epoetin Alfa
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Epogen, Procrit, Eprex, erythropoietin, Retacrit, epoetin alfa-epbx Hematopoietic Growth Factors; Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents; Recombinant Human Erythropoietins Description Recombinant form of the renal hormone erythropoietinUsed for treatment of anemia and for reduction of allogeneic red
Finasteride
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Propecia, Proscar 5-Alpha-Reductase Inhibitors Description 5-alpha reductase inhibitorUsed for symptomatic treatment of BPH and male pattern baldness (i.e., androgenetic alopecia)May decrease risk of low-grade prostate cancer; but, may increase risk of more
Tadalafil
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Adcirca, Cialis, Alyq PAH, PDE-5 Inhibitors; Phosphodiesterase-5 Enzyme Inhibitors Description Oral, selective phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor with longer duration of actionUsed for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), erectile dysfunction (ED), benign prostatic hyperplasia
Omeprazole
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx, OTC Common Brand Names; Prilosec, Prilosec OTC, OmepraCare, OmepraCare DR Proton Pump Inhibitors Description Oral proton pump inhibitor (PPI), gastric antisecretory agent.Used for GERD, erosive esophagitis, and hypersecretory conditions; also used in antimicrobial combination regimens for
Diphenhydramine
Brands Classes DEA Class; OTC, Rx Common Brand Names; Benadryl, Benadryl Allergy Dye-Free LiquiGels, Children’s Benadryl Allergy, Children’s Triaminic Thin Strips Allergy, Alka-Seltzer Plus Allergy, Nytol, PediaCare Children’s Allergy, Simply Sleep, Sominex, QlearQuil Nighttime Allergy Relief, Tranquil Nighttime Sleep Aid, Unisom
Cetirizine
Brands Classes DEA Class; OTC, Rx Common Brand Names; Zyrtec, Zyrtec Allergy, Children’s Zyrtec Allergy, Children’s Zyrtec Hives Relief, PediaCare Children’s 24 Hour Allergy, Aller-Tec, Wal-Zyr, Quzyttir, Zerviate Antihistamines, 2nd Generation Description Piperazine antihistamine; active metabolite of hydroxyzine; considered “low-sedating”Used orally
Brompheniramine
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx, OTC Common Brand Names; Dimetane, Respa-BR Antihistamines, 1st Generation Description Histamine H1-receptor antagonist Indications Indicated for the treatment of Allergies. Other Indications & Uses Perennial & seasonal allergic & vasomotor rhinitis, relief of symptoms from
Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Cabenuva HIV, Integrase Inhibitors; HIV, NNRTIs Description Cabotegravir: HIV-1 integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI); cabotegravir, an analog of dolutegravir, prevents viral DNA integration into the host genome and inhibits HIV replication Rilpivirine:
Emtricitabine
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Emtriva HIV, NRTIs Description Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitorUsed for the treatment of HIV infection in combination with other antiretroviral medicationsBlack Box Warning for patients coinfected with HIV and hepatitis B Indications Indicated
Lamivudine
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Epivir, Epivir HBV, 3TC Hepatitis B/Hepatitis C Agents; HIV, NRTIs Description Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitorUsed for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in combination with other antiretroviral agentsLower-dose formulation available for
Ciprofloxacin
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Cipro, Cipro XR, ProQuin XR Fluoroquinolones ciprofloxacin otic (Rx) Brand and Other Names: Cetraxal, Otiprio Classes: Antibiotics, Otic; Quinolones, Otic ciprofloxacin ophthalmic (Rx) Brand and Other Names: Ciloxan Classes: Quinolones, Ophthalmic Description Oral, intravenous, ophthalmic, otic broad-spectrum
Tobramycin
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Nebcin injection Aminoglycosides tobramycin ophthalmic (Rx) Brand and Other Names: Tobrex, Tobramycin Ophth, AKTob Classes: Aminoglycosides, Ophthalmic tobramycin inhaled (Rx) Brand and Other Names: TOBI, Bethkis, TOBI Podhaler, Kitabis Pak Classes: Aminoglycosides Description Parenteral, inhaled, or ophthalmic aminoglycoside
Neomycin
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Neo-Fradin, Myciguent, Mycifradin Aminoglycosides Description Aminoglycoside antibiotic derived from Streptomyces fradiae. Most often used topically as an antiinfective. Oral bioavailability is poor, but is administered orally in patients with hepatic coma or
Tetracycline
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Sumycin, Actisite, Achromycin V Tetracyclines Description Semisynthetic tetracycline agent produced from chlortetracycline; wide spectrum of activity vs. gram-negative and gram-positive organisms; inactive against viruses and fungi. Indications Indicated for the treatment of necrotizing
Ampicillin
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Ampi, Omnipen, Penglobe, Principen Penicillins, Amino Description Aminopenicillin similar to amoxicillin; not stable to beta-lactamases of either gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria; used commonly for obstetric infections, otitis media, sinusitis and other infections due
Triamcinolone
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Triesence, Trivaris Intravitreal Corticosteroids, Ophthalmic triamcinolone topical (Rx) Brand and Other Names: Kenalog Orabase, Kenalog topical, Pediaderm TA, Triacet, Trianex Classes: Corticosteroids, Topical triamcinolone suprachoroidal (Rx) Brand and Other Names: Xipere Classes: Corticosteroids, Ophthalmic triamcinolone acetonide extended-release
Prednisolone
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Pediapred, FloPred, Orapred, Orapred ODT, Millipred, Millipred DP, Prelone Syrup, Veripred 20 Corticosteroids Prednisolone ophthalmic (Rx) Brand and Other Names: Pred Forte, Pred Mild, Inflamase Mild, Omnipred, Econopred Plus, Inflamase Forte Classes: Corticosteroids, Ophthalmic Description Oral
Hydrocortisone
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Alkindi Sprinkle, Cortef, SoluCortef Corticosteroids hydrocortisone topical (Rx, OTC) Brand and Other Names: Westcort, Locoid, Aquanil, Calmurid Cream, Cetacort, Claritin Skin Itch Relief, Coraz, CortaGel, Cortaid, Cortate, Cortisone-10 Poison Ivy Relief Pads, Cortisone-10 Quick Shot,
Norethindrone Acetate
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Aygestin, Norlutate Progestins Description Oral synthetic progestin with moderate androgenic and slight estrogenic activity relative to other progestins; norethindrone acetate a prodrug of norethindroneUsed as progestin-only (‘mini pill’) contraceptive and found in
Norethindrone
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Camila, Errin, Heather, Jencycla, Jolivette, Lyza, Nor QD, Nora-BE, norethisterone, Norhisterone, Deblitane, Sharobel Progestins Description Oral synthetic progestin with moderate androgenic and slight estrogenic activity relative to other progestins; norethindrone acetate a prodrug
Medroxyprogesterone
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx, OTC Common Brand Names; DepoProvera, Depo-SubQ Provera 104, MPA, Provera Antineoplastics, Hormones; Progestins Description Synthetic progestin 15 times more potent than progesterone; used for endocrine disorders; prevents endometrial hyperplasia from HRT with estrogens; acts as a
Levonorgestrel Oral
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx, OTC Common Brand Names; Plan B One-Step, Next Choice One Dose, My Way, Aftera, Econtra EZ, Fallback Solo, Opcicon One-Step, React, Take Action, Preventeza Progestins; Contraceptives, Oral Description Synthetic progestin with high progestational and androgenic activityUsed
Levonorgestrel Intrauterine
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Mirena, Skyla, Liletta, Kyleena Progestins Description Synthetic progestin with high progestational and androgenic activityUsed for routine contraception and/or menorrhagia as an intrauterine device (Mirena IUD); other IUDs for contraceptive use include Skyla, Liletta,
Etonogestrel
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Implanon, Nexplanon Progestins Description Synthetic progestin; active metabolite of the prodrug desogestrel; available as a subdermal implant deviceUsed primarily for routine contraception in women for a 3-year period; highly effective as a
Estradiol
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Estrace, Vivelle-Dot, Delestrogen, DepoEstradiol, Divigel, Elestrin, Alora, Estrace Cream, Estraderm Transdermal, estradiol topical, Estradot, Estrasorb, Estrogel, Evamist, Femtrace, Menostar, Minivelle, Vivelle, Climara Estrogen Derivatives Description Estradiol is the principal human estrogenMultiple dosage forms
Conjugated Estrogens
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Premarin Estrogen Derivatives conjugated estrogens, vaginal (Rx) Brand and Other Names:Premarin Vaginal Cream Classes: Estrogen Derivatives Description Estrogen mixture of the water soluble salts of sulfate esters from estrone, equilin, 17 alpha-dihydroequilin, and other
Rosiglitazone
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Avandia Antidiabetics, Thiazolidinediones Description Thiazolidinedione (TZD) oral antidiabetic; targets insulin resistanceUsed in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus; not used with insulin due to increased risks for heart failureMonitor closely; TZDs can
Repaglinide
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Prandin Antidiabetics, Meglitinides Derivatives Description Meglitinide oral hypoglycemic agent; stimulates insulin secretionRapid onset and short duration of action replicates physiological insulin profiles around mealsUsed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Pioglitazone
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Actos Antidiabetics, Thiazolidinediones Description Thiazolidinedione (TZD) oral antidiabetic; targets insulin resistanceUsed in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus; use with caution in combination with insulinMonitor closely; TZDs can cause or exacerbate heart
Glyburide
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Diabeta, Glynase, Glynase PresTab Antidiabetics, Sulfonylureas Description Second-generation sulfonylurea; twice as potent as glipizide and longer duration of actionUsed primarily in adults for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitusDue to longer duration
Glipizide
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Glucotrol, Glucotrol XL, Minodiab Antidiabetics, Sulfonylureas Description Second-generation sulfonylurea; shorter duration of action than glyburide; no active metabolitesUsed primarily in adults for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, as add-on therapy to
Glimepiride
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Amaryl Antidiabetics, Sulfonylureas Description Second-generation sulfonylurea; weakly active metabolitesUsed primarily in adults for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, as add-on therapy to metformin or other agentsGlipizide is preferred over glyburide
Ertugliflozin
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Steglatro Antidiabetics, SGLT2 Inhibitors Description Oral sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitorUsed for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitusNot recommended for patients with an eGFR less than 45 mL/minute/1.73 m2 as efficacy is
Empagliflozin
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Jardiance Antidiabetics, SGLT2 Inhibitors Description Oral sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitorUsed in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM); to reduce the risk of cardiovascular (CV) death in adults with type 2
Dapagliflozin
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Farxiga Antidiabetics, SGLT2 Inhibitors Description Oral sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitorUsed for improving glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM); reducing hospitalization for heart failure (HF) in adults with
Canagliflozin
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Invokana Antidiabetics, SGLT2 Inhibitors Description Oral sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitorUsed in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus; also provides cardiovascular (CV) risk reduction if CV disease also present; if diabetic nephropathy
Insulin Regular Human
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx, OTC Common Brand Names; Humulin R, Novolin R, Humulin R U-500, Myxredlin Antidiabetics, Insulins; Antidiabetics, Short-Acting Insulins Description Regular insulin U-100 is short-acting insulin; concentrated regular insulin U-500 exhibits characteristics of immediate-acting insulinsUsed for type 1
Insulin Lispro
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Admelog, Humalog, Humalog Kwikpen, Humalog Junior KwikPen, Admelog Solostar, insulin lispro-aabc, Lyumjev Antidiabetics, Insulins; Antidiabetics, Rapid-Acting Insulins Description Rapid-acting insulin analog with a quicker onset/shorter duration of action than regular insulinUsed to improve
Insulin Glargine
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Lantus, Lantus SoloStar, Toujeo, Basaglar, Semglee, insulin glargine-yfgn, Rezvoglar, insulin glargine-aglr Antidiabetics, Insulins; Antidiabetics, Long-Acting Insulins Description Rapid-acting insulin analogUsed in the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitusQquicker onset and
Simvastatin
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Zocor, FloLipid Lipid-Lowering Agents, Statins; HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors Description Oral HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor; used for hypercholesterolemia or hypertriglyceridemia; reduces LDL, total cholesterol, TG, and apolipoprotein B; increases HDL; improves mortality in
Rosuvastatin
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Crestor, Ezallor Sprinkle Lipid-Lowering Agents, Statins; HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors Description Most potent, oral HMG-CoA reductase inhibitorApproved for primary hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipoproteinemia and/or hypertriglyceridemia, heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (for patients 8 to 17 years), homozygous
Dipyridamole
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Persantine Antiplatelet Agents, Cardiovascular; Antiplatelet Agents, Hematologic Description Oral, P2Y12 platelet inhibitorUsed for rate reduction of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes, STEMI, established peripheral arterial
Trandolapril
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Mavik ACE Inhibitors Description Oral ACE inhibitor; structurally similar to enalapril, requiring hydrolysis for activity; used once daily for HTN and to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality following AMI. Indications Indicated for
Perindopril
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Aceon ACE Inhibitors Description Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors dilate arteries and veins by competitively inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II (a potent endogenous vasoconstrictor) and by inhibiting bradykinin
Benazepril
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Lotensin ACE Inhibitors Description Direct renin inhibitorUsed for hypertensionBlack box warning for pregnancy Indications Indicated ACE inhibitorUsed for hypertension and congestive heart failureLong duration of action allows for once daily dosing Contraindications
Valsartan
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Diovan ARBs Description Oral angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB)Used in adults to treat hypertension, reduce heart failure related hospitalizations in those with heart failure (NYHA Class II to IV), and reduce cardiovascular
Telmisartan
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Micardis ARBs Description Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB)Used for HTN and for cardiovascular risk reduction, such as stroke and MI prophylaxis, in high-risk patients unable to take ACE inhibitorsDoes not inhibit ACE
Chlorthalidone
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Hygroton, Thalitone, Chlorthalid Diuretics, Thiazide Description Thiazide-like diuretic used for HTN and edema; longer acting than other thiazides; diminished efficacy in patients with renal insufficiency. Indications Indicated for use as adjunctive therapy in
Amiloride
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Midamor Diuretics, Potassium-Sparing Description Oral potassium-sparing diuretic similar in action to triamterene; not a thiazide; used in the treatment or prevention of hypokalemia; also for edema and as an adjunct in HTN;
Tramadol
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Ultram, ConZip, Qdolo Opioid Analgesics; Description Oral opioid analgesicUsed for the treatment of pain severe enough to require an opioid analgesic and for which alternative treatments are inadequateAssociated with risk for seizures and
Naltrexone
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; ReVia, Vivitrol, Depade Opioid Antagonists Description Opiate antagonist.Used as an aid in relapse prevention in alcohol and/or opiate dependence; has been used as part of rapid and ultrarapid detoxification techniques.Better bioavailability and longer
Naloxone
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Zimhi Opioid Antagonists; Opioid Reversal Agents naloxone intranasal (Rx) Brand and Other Names:Narcan Nasal Spray, Kloxxado Classes: Opioid Reversal Agents Description Opioid antagonist; derivative of oxymorphoneUsed for reversal of opioid-induced respiratory and CNS depressionAuto-injector
Codeine
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Antitussives; Antitussives, Narcotic; Opioid Analgesics Description Oral opioid agonistUsed for the treatment of mild to moderate pain, where treatment with an opioid is appropriate and for which alternative treatments are inadequateMetabolism is
Oxycodone
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; OxyContin, Xtampza ER, Roxicodone, Oxaydo, RoxyBond Opioid Analgesics Description Phenanthrene opioid agonistUsed for moderate to severe painSome products formulated to deter abuse by inhalation or injection Indications Indicated for the treatment of severe
Morphine
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; MS Contin, Astramorph, Depodur, Duramorph, Infumorph, Kadian, MorphaBond, Mitigo Opioid Analgesics Description Opiate agonist; alkaloid obtained from the unripened seed capsules of the opium poppyUsed for the relief of moderate to severe acute
Lidocaine
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Lidocaine CV, Lidopen Antidysrhythmics, Ib Amide Local AnestheticsAnti-arrhythmics, Class I-BMiscellaneous Topical Agents for Local PainOphthalmological Local AnaestheticsOther Agents for Local Oral TreatmentTopical Anti-hemorrhoidalsTopical Local AnestheticsTopical Neuropathic Pain agents lidocaine anesthetic (Rx) Brand
Topiramate
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Topamax, Trokendi XR, Qudexy XR, Eprontia Anticonvulsants,Others Antimigraine Agents Description Oral anticonvulsant; weak carbonic anhydrase inhibitorUsed for partial and generalized seizures, Lennox-Gastaut, refractory seizures, and migraine prophylaxis; off-label uses include binge-eating disorder and
Gabapentin
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Neurontin, Gralise GABA Analogs Description Parenteral prodrug of phenytoin; hydantoin anticonvulsantUsed for status epilepticus, seizures during neurosurgery, and as a short-term substitution for oral phenytoinMay cause transient, infusion-related, paresthesias and pruritus; systemic
Olanzapine
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Zyprexa, Zyprexa Relprevv, Zyprexa Zydis Antipsychotics, 2nd Generation; Antimanic Agents Description Atypical antipsychotic; similar in structure to clozapine, but reduced incidence of EPS, hyperprolactinemia, neutropeniaUsed for the treatment of schizophrenia and for manic
Perphenazine
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Trilafon Antipsychotics, 1st Generation; Antipsychotics, Phenothiazine Description Oral piperazine phenothiazine antipsychotic agentUsed primarily as an antipsychotic agentBoxed warning regarding increased risk of death in elderly patients with dementia Indications Indicated for the
Bupropion
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Budeprion SR, Aplenzin, Buproban, Wellbutrin SR, Wellbutrin XL, Forfivo XL, Zyban (DSC) Antidepressants, Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitors; Antidepressants, Other; Smoking Cessation Aids Description Oral antidepressant of the aminoketone class; unrelated to other antidepressantsBrand-specific FDA
Phenobarbital
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Luminal Anticonvulsants, Barbiturates Description Oral and parenteral anticonvulsant and sedative-hypnotic; longest acting barbiturate; effective in all seizure disorders except absence (petit mal); also used for neonatal withdrawal syndrome; close monitoring for emerging
Chlordiazepoxide
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Librium Antianxiety Agents; Anxiolytics, Benzodiazepines Description Binds receptors at several sites within the CNS, including the limbic system and reticular formation. Effects may be mediated through the GABA receptor system. Increase in
Dexamethasone
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Decadron DSC, Dexamethasone Intensol, Baycadron, Hemady Corticosteroids; Anti-Inflammatory Agents Dexamethasone ophthalmic; Maxidex Corticosteroids, Ophthalmic Dexamethasone ophthalmic insert; Dextenza Corticosteroids, Ophthalmic Dexamethasone intraocular; Dexycu Corticosteroids, Ophthalmic Dexamethasone intravitreal implant; Ozurdex Corticosteroids, Ophthalmic Description
Memantine
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Namenda XR, Namenda NMDA Antagonists Description Oral N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonistFor use in moderate to severe Alzheimer’s disease both as monotherapy and with donepezil; may provide small cognitive benefit in mixed dementia
Carbidopa
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Lodosyn Decarboxylase Inhibitors Description Decarboxylase inhibitor; prevents the peripheral conversion of levodopa to dopamine; more levodopa is then available for entry into the CNS in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Indications For
Timolol
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Blocadren (DSC), Timoptic, Timoptic in Ocudose, Timoptic XE, Betimol, Istalol Beta-Blockers, Nonselective Description Nonselective, beta-blocker similar to propranolol and nadololLacks appreciable intrinsic sympathomimetic or membrane-stabilizing activities; relatively high lipid solubility; primarily metabolizedAvailable for
Propranolol
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Inderal, Inderal LA, InnoPran XL, Hemangeol Antidysrhythmics, II; Beta-Blockers, Nonselective; Antianginal Agents; Antimigraine Agents Description Competitive, nonselective beta-blocker without intrinsic sympathomimetic activityUsed for many cardiac indications such as: angina, ventricular rate control, hypertension,
Nebivolol
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Bystolic Beta-Blockers, Beta-1 Selective Description Oral selective beta-1 blocker with vasodilatory properties due to nitric oxide modulation; possesses antioxidant properties; lipophilic; lacks ISA; decreases vascular peripheral resistance; improves left ventricular performance; not
Nadolol
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Corgard Beta-Blockers, Nonselective Description Oral, long-acting, nonselective, beta-blocker; lacks appreciable intrinsic sympathomimetic or membrane-stabilizing activities; hydrophilic and renally eliminated. Indications Indicated for the long-term management of angina pectoris. For the treatment of
Metoprolol
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Lopressor, Toprol XL, Kapspargo Sprinkle Beta-Blockers, Beta-1 Selective Description Competitive, beta-1-selective beta-blocker; oral and IV formulations; similar to atenolol; lacks intrinsic sympathomimetic and membrane-stabilizing activities; more lipophilic than atenolol, but less than propranolol
Paracetamol
Brands Classes DEA Class; OTC Common Brand Names; Tylenol, Tylenol Arthritis Pain, Tylenol Ext, Little Fevers Children’s Fever/Pain Reliever, Little Fevers Infant Fever/Pain Reliever, PediaCare Single Dose Acetaminophen Fever Reducer/Pain Reliever Analgesics, Other Description Analgesic and antipyretic; no anti-inflammatory activity or
Bisoprolol
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Monocor, Zebeta Beta-Blockers, Beta-1 Selective Description Oral beta-blocker used for HTN and CHF (not FDA-approved); beta1-receptor selective; hydrophilic; excreted by renal and non-renal routes; lacks partial agonist or membrane stabilizing activity. Indications
Atenolol
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Tenormin Beta-Blockers, Beta-1 Selective Description Beta-1-selective adrenergic antagonist; similar to metoprolol but atenolol has a longer plasma half-life; does not possess ISA or membrane-stabilizing activity; atenolol has the lowest lipid solubility within
Tamsulosin
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Flomax Alpha1 Blockers; BPH, Alpha Blockers Description Oral alpha-blocker; used once-daily for BPH; may cause less hypotension than other alpha-blockers due to specificity for prostate alpha-receptors. Indications Indicated for the treatment of
Pseudoephedrine
Brands Classes DEA Class; OTC Common Brand Names; Sudafed, Nexafed, Zephrex-D Decongestants, Systemic Description Oral sympathomimetic decongestant agentPrimarily used in adults and pediatric patients 4 years and older to temporarily relieve nasal congestion due to the common cold, allergic rhinitis, or
Ephedrine
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Akovaz, Corphedra, Emerphed, Rezipres Alpha/Beta Adrenergic Agonists Description Injectable alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist and norepinephrine-releasing agentUsed for the treatment of clinically important hypotension occurring in the setting of anesthesiaLess effective than epinephrine in
Amphetamine
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Adzenys XR-ODT, Dyanavel XR, Evekeo, Adzenys ER, Evekeo ODT Stimulants; ADHD Agents Description Sympathomimetic amine; a racemic mixture of L-amphetamine and D-amphetamineUsed for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsyUsed as an anorectic agent
Salmeterol
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Serevent Disku Beta2 Agonists Description Orally inhaled long-acting beta-2 agonist (LABA); given twice dailyUsed in adult and pediatric patients 4 years and older for add-on asthma maintenance therapy to an asthma controller
Phenylephrine
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Vazculep, Biorphen Phenylephrine ophthalmic: Altafrin, Neofrin, Refresh Redness Relief Phenylephrine nasal (OTC): NeoSynephrine Nasal, Neo-Synephrine Cold & Sinus Mild Strength Spray Alpha1 Agonists Cycloplegics/Mydriatics; Alpha Agonists, Ophthalmic Decongestants, Intranasal Description Synthetic sympathomimetic amine
Isoproterenol
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Isuprel Beta1/Beta2 Adrenergic Agonists Description Strong beta-1 & beta-2 effects resulting in relaxation of GI, bronchial, and uterine smooth muscle; may increase vasodilation of peripheral vasculature, and heart rate and contractility Indications
Formoterol
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Perforomist Beta2 Agonists Description Inhaled long-acting beta-2 agonist (LABA); given twice daily via nebulizationUsed for the maintenance treatment of COPD in adultsNot indicated as monotherapy to treat asthma; do not use for
Epinephrine
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; EpiPen, EpiPen Jr, Auvi-Q, Symjepi, Adrenalin, Primatene Mist, AsthmaNefrin, S2 Alpha/Beta Adrenergic Agonists; Alpha/Beta Agonists Description Nonselective adrenergic agonistUsed for hemodynamic/inotropic support and bronchodilationDrug of choice for anaphylaxis; not routinely recommended for asthma
Dopamine
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Intropin Inotropic Agents Description Dopamine/Dopamine Hydrochloride/Dopamine Hydrochloride, Dextrose/Dopamine, Dextrose/Intropin Intravenous Inj Sol: 1mL, 40mg, 80mg, 160mg, 200-5%, 400-5%, 800-5% Indications Indicated For hemodynamic support or treatment of hypotension during distributive shock (e.g.,
Clonidine
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Catapres, Catapres-TTS, Duraclon, Jenloga, Kapvay, Nexiclon XR Alpha2 Agonists, Central-Acting; ADHD Agents Description Centrally-acting alpha2-agonistOral and transdermal drug for HTN and autonomic hyperactivity (e.g., drug withdrawal syndromes); also used orally for ADHDEpidural product
Tropicamide
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Mydriacyl, Tropicacyl Cycloplegics/Mydriatics Description Ophthalmic cycloplegic and mydriatic agentUsed for cycloplegic refraction and for dilating the pupil for diagnostic purposesContraindicated for use in glaucoma Indications Indicated for cycloplegia induction for refraction.
Tiotropium
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Spiriva HandiHaler, Spiriva Respimat Anticholinergics, Respiratory Description Inhaled long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA); administered once daily; minimal side effects except for xerostomiaUsed for maintenance treatment of COPD in adultsAlso approved for maintenance
Scopolamine
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Transderm Scop, Scopace, Maldemar Antiemetic Agents Description Antimuscarinic, mostly used transdermallyPrimarily used for the prevention of motion sickness; may be used for post-operative nausea/vomiting (PONV) or procedural sedationHigh anticholinergic properties Indications For
Ipratropium
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Atrovent, Atrovent HFA Anticholinergics, Respiratory Description Tertiary amine antimuscarinic; one of the isomers of atropine; used for hypermotility disorders of the lower urinary tract or to control excessive salivary or respiratory
Hyoscyamine
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Levbid, Levsin, Anaspaz, Cystospaz, NuLev, Symax Duotab Anticholinergic Agents Description Tertiary amine antimuscarinic; one of the isomers of atropine; used for hypermotility disorders of the lower urinary tract or to control excessive salivary
Glycopyrrolate
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Cuvposa, Dartisla ODT, glycopyrronium, Robinul, Robinul Forte, Seebri Neohaler, Lonhala Magnair Anesthetic Premedication Agents; Anticholinergic Agents Respiratory; COPD Agents Description Parenteral, oral, and inhalational antimuscarinic anticholinergic; less CNS penetration than atropine or scopolamineUsed
Cyclopentolate
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Cyclogyl, AK-Pentolate Cycloplegics/Mydriatics; Anticholinergic Agents, Ophthalmic Description Cycloplegic, mydriatic ophthalmic agent; ocular anticholinergic effects similar to atropine; used for cycloplegic refraction and diagnostic pupil dilation. Indications For mydriasis induction and cycloplegia induction.
Benztropine
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Cogentin Antiparkinson Agents, Anticholinergics Description Synthetic muscarinic-receptor antagonist; structurally similar to atropine and diphenhydramine; has a longer duration of action and may require less frequent dosing than diphenhydramine; produces less CNS stimulation than
Atropine
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Atreza, Atropine PO, SalTropine, IsoptoAtropine Anticholinergic, Antispasmodic Agents Ophthalmic Description Natural tertiary amine extracted from belladonna alkaloidUsed for symptomatic bradycardia, secretion reduction prior to surgery, organophosphate toxicity, to produce mydriasis and cycloplegia, and
Aclidinium
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Tudorza Pressair Anticholinergics, Respiratory Description Inhaled long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA); given twice daily Used in adults for the maintenance treatment of COPD, including chronic bronchitis and/or emphysema Not indicated for the treatment
Pralidoxime
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Protopam, 2PAM Antidote, Pralidoxime Auto Injector Cholinergic, Toxicity Antidotes Description Parenteral cholinesterase reactivator; antidote to reverse muscle paralysis from organophosphate anticholinesterase poisoning or overdose of drugs used for myasthenia gravis; atropine must be
Physostigmine
Generic Only Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors, Peripheral; Anticholinergic Toxicity Antidotes Description Indirect acting parasympathomimetic via inhibition of acetylcholinesterase Indications For the Anticholinergic Toxicity Rarely used; indicated only when life-threatening symptoms related to anticholinergic toxicity
Neostigmine
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Prostigmin, Bloxiverz Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors, Central Description Oral, SC, IM, and IV cholinesterase inhibitorUsed for symptomatic tx of myasthenia gravis (PO, SC, IM), reversal of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents (IV), and for prevention/tx
Edrophonium (cl)
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Enlon Myasthenia Gravis Agents Description Parenteral cholinesterase inhibitorUsed for diagnosing myasthenia gravis, assessing cholinesterase inhibitor therapy, differentiating cholinergic and myasthenic crises, and reversing effects of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers after surgery; adjunct to
Donepezil
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Aricept, Aricept ODT Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors, Central Description Reversible cholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI); available in oral and transdermal system formulationsApproved for symptom management of mild to severe Alzheimer’s diseasen adults; may provide cognitive benefit
Acetaminophen
Brands Classes DEA Class; OTC Common Brand Names; Tylenol, Tylenol Arthritis Pain, Tylenol Ext, Little Fevers Children’s Fever/Pain Reliever, Little Fevers Infant Fever/Pain Reliever, PediaCare Single Dose Acetaminophen Fever Reducer/Pain Reliever Analgesics, Other Description Analgesic and antipyretic; no anti-inflammatory activity
Aspirin
Aspirin is used for the treatment of mild pain associated with arthralgia, dental pain, dysmenorrhea, headache, musculoskeletal pain (including backache), and/or the common cold.
Naproxen
Brands Classes DEA Class; OTC, Rx Common Brand Names; Aleve, EC Naprosyn, Anaprox, Anaprox DS, Naprosyn, Naprox Sodium, Naproxen EC, Naproxen SR, Naprelan, Menstridol NSAIDs Description Propionic acid NSAID; has antipyretic and analgesic properties; used for OA, RA, mild to moderate
Meloxicam
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Mobic, Vivlodex, Anjeso, Qmiiz NSAIDs Description Oral and parenteral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)Used for osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and moderate or severe pain alone or in combination with other non-NSAID
Mefenamic Acid
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Ponstel NSAIDs Description Anthranilic acid (fenamate) NSAID; may cause an increased risk of serious gastrointestinal and cardiovascular adverse events; use lowest effective dose for the shortest possible duration. Indications For the treatment
Ketorolac
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Common Brand Names; Toradol NSAIDs Description Pyrrolo-pyrrole NSAID; for the short-term relief of pain; max of 5 consecutive days regardless of dosage form(s) used. Indications Moderately Severe Acute Pain; Short-term (≤5 days) management of moderately
Ibuprofen
Brands Classes DEA Class; OTC, Rx Common Brand Names; Advil, Motrin, PediaCare Children’s Pain Reliever/Fever Reducer IB, PediaCare Infant’s Pain Reliever/Fever Reducer IB NSAIDs, Patent Ductus Arteriosus Agents Description Oral and intravenous non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)Used for the treatment of mild to
Diclofenac Potassium
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx, Diclofenac (potassium/sodium) Common Brand Names; Cataflam, Voltaren-XR, Dyloject, Cambia, Zipsor, Zorvolex NSAIDs Description NSAID available in intravenous, oral, topical, and ophthalmic formulations Analgesic and antipyretic properties Increases risk of serious GI events and may increase
Diclofenac Sodium
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx, Diclofenac (potassium/sodium) Common Brand Names; Cataflam, Voltaren-XR, Dyloject, Cambia, Zipsor, Zorvolex NSAIDs Description NSAID available in intravenous, oral, topical, and ophthalmic formulations Analgesic and antipyretic properties Increases risk of serious GI events and may increase
Diclofenac
Brands Classes DEA Class; Rx Diclofenac (potassium/sodium) Common Brand Names; Cataflam, Voltaren-XR, Dyloject, Cambia, Zipsor, Zorvolex Diclofenac topical (Rx, OTC) Brand and Other Names: Flector Transdermal Patch, Voltaren Gel, Pennsaid topical solution, Solaraze Gel, Licart, Voltaren Arthritis Pain NSAIDs Description NSAID available
Celecoxib
Oral, selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)
Used for osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis
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Betaβ Blockers
Adrenergic Antagonists β BLOCKERS Acebutolol Generic only Atenolol TENORMIN Betaxolol BETOPTIC-S Bisoprolol Generic only Carteolol
alphα Blockers
Adrenergic Antagonists α BLOCKERS Alfuzosin UROXATRAL Doxazosin CARDURA Phenoxybenzamine DIBENZYLINE Phentolamine Generic only Prazosin MINIPRESS
Neuromuscular Blocker
Selected Cholinergic Antagonists NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKERS Cisatracurium NIMBEX Mivacurium MIVACRON Pancuronium Generic only Rocuronium Generic only
Antimuscarinic Agents
Selected Cholinergic Antagonists ANTIMUSCARINIC AGENTS Aclidinium TUDORZA Atropine Generic only Benztropine COGENTIN Cyclopentolate AKPENTOLATE, CYCLOGYL
Anthelmintic Drugs
CHEMOTHERAPY OF HELMINTIC INFECTIONS: FOR NEMATODES Diethylcarbamazine Generic only Ivermectin STROMECTOL Mebendazole EMVERM Pyrantel pamoate
Antiprotozoal Drugs
AMEBIASIS Chloroquine ARALEN Dehydroemetine Generic only lodoquinol YODOXINN Metronidazole FLAGYL Paromomycin Generic only Tinidazole TINDAMAX
Commonly Abused Substances
STIMULANTS Amphetamines Cocaine Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) Nicotine Synthetic cathinones (“bath salts”) HALLUCINOGENS Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
Drugs for Dermatologic Disorders
AGENTS FOR ACNE Adapalene DIFFERIN Azelaic acid AZELEX Benzoyl peroxide various Clindamycin CLEOCIN Dapsone ACZONE
Drugs for Anemia
TREATMENT OF ANEMIA Cyanocobalamin (B 12) Darbepoetin ARANESP Epoetin alfa EPOGEN, PROCRIT Folic acid Generic
Drugs for Urologic Disorders
DRUGS FOR ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION Alprostadil MUSE, CAVERJECT, EDEX Avanafil STENDRA Sildenafil VIAGRA Tadalafil CIALIS Vardenafil
