Classes
DEA Class; Rx
Common Brand Names; alcohol (ethyl)
- Antidotes, Other
Description
Competes with methanol & ethylene glycol for alcohol dehydrogenase to inhibit production of toxic metabolites
Indications
Indicated for Methanol Toxicity, Ethylene Glycol Poisoning (Off-label)
Treatment of congenital venous and lymphatic malformations
Contraindications
hypersensitivity
Seizure disorder
Diabetic coma
Subarachnoid injection of dehydrated alcohol in patients receiving anticoagulants
Adverse Effects
- Intoxication
- Flushing hypotension
- Agitation
- Hypoglycemia
- Polyuria
- Intoxication
Warnings
Caution in diabetes mellitus, gout patients, hepatic impairment, shock
Use caution following cranial surgery
Significant systemic absorption and toxicity may occur in infants following dermal exposure; use caution
Pregnancy and Lactation
Pregnancy Category: C (injection)
Lactation: Enters breast milk at levels approximately equivalent to maternal serum level; use with caution (AAP states “compatible with nursing”)
Maximum Dosage
Methanol Toxicity, Ethylene Glycol Poisoning (Off-label)
Loading dose
600 mg/kg IV (ie, 7.6 mL/kg of 10% EtOH solution)
600-700 mg/kg PO/NG using a 95% solution diluted to ≤ 20% with water or juice
Maintenance dose
65-155 mg/kg/hr depending on alcohol consumption status (lower for nondrinker)
Oral maintenance = 1.5 mL/kg/hr (IV = 1.4 mL/kg/hr) 10% ethanol
Chronic alcoholics and hemodialysis patients need increased dose; increased maintainence by 50%; non-users may need less
Maintain serum ethanol of 100-150 mg/dL [21.7-32.55 mmol/L]
How supplied
Ethanol
Injection solution (95%)
- 1 mL
- 5 mL
